I quit reading after 5

Truth....I had read everything but the Ong and I just read five chapters tonight so here is the last summary of what I read...chapter 5.

Print not only effected the West  by how Mrs. Eisenstien discusssed when she talked about the printing press and the Protestant Reformation,but it also had three very subtle effects.  With print, Western culture moved even further away from a hearing dominated sensory world to one dependant on sight.  Words became things.  With the interiorization of this view writing/printing was no longer done as a way to recycle knowledge back into the spoken word.  Things were no longer only printed to be read out loud.  In addition, print embedded the word in space more absolutely then did writing.  Ong said this on page 123.  Through print, words become things that can be arranged on a page as they are in indexes, tables of contents, lists and lables (an extreme example being the arrangement of words in poetry like E.E Cummings).  Finally Ong suggested that pring encouraged closure, a feeling of finality that was never present in oral story telling.  The story is not continued!  It does not change!  At the end of the chapter Ong briefly discussed the emergence, through electronic media such as telephone, radio and television his idea of secondary orality.  Secondary orality encourages being "part of."  Secondary orality is "essentially a more deliberate and self-conscious orality, based permanently on the use of writing and print," and groups produced by socond orality are much larger then any produced by primary oralty!